The James Webb Space Telescope has detected a star made of matter (dark matter star) that we cannot see. We can observe the effect of this star and predict its occurrence in this universe. Here I am talking about Dark Matter Star, now Dark Matter is a Matter in our space which we cannot see.
Dark Matter Star
Dark Matter is one of the biggest mysteries which even scientists have not been able to solve till date. Well, to understand the difference between a Dark Matter Star and a Normal Star, we have to go back in time to the time when the Big Bang happened.
Right after the Big Bang, charged atoms started to form in the universe. Not only this, apart from these atoms, the universe was expanding and cooling along with expansion. Due to which a turning point came 20 minutes after the Big Bang, at this point due to expansion, the total energy of the universe decreased to such an extent that hydrogen fusion stopped. Without the fusion of hydrogen and atoms, stars would never have formed.
As we have read in many books that star formation starts with hydrogen and atoms mixing and changing into Helium atoms. So it turns out that when the Big Bang happened, stars were not supposed to form after that. But that is not the case, stars still exist today. but how? What triggers star formation? At exactly the same point, scientists also found a mathematical gap, which means that the result is not consistent. For this reason, scientists had to predict the presence of a new type of matter, atoms, which can fuse hydrogen atoms in the condition of the early universe, from which this matter was called dark matter.
When Dark Matter was added to Big Bang Theory, our calculations started to make sense of all the missing puzzles and we could make sense of the whole picture. The effects of the presence of dark matter have been discussed many times. As we know that dark matter does not interact with any particle except for one force, that force is gravity. Now just remember that both Dark Matter and Gravity are friends.
Mystery or New Discovery
When dark matter was first detected in 1930, scientists were very confused about this strange matter. But in the 1930s, some particles have been physically proved that dark matter was also made like normal matter, but the only difference was that these particles were made of WIMPs, which means they were made of Weekly Interacting Massive Particles . When such particles collided, they changed from normal matter to dark matter. According to scientists, something like this happened in the early universe stage as well.
Star formation was started due to dark matter particles, so scientists proposed the theory that all the stars formed in the beginning of the universe are all made of dark matter. Some scientists here refused to accept this theory. The debate was going on between these two groups of scientists, suddenly a new discovery came out that the black hole in the middle of our galaxy, which is called Sagittarius A, is also formed due to the same dark matter particles present in the early universe.
Now, a problem here was that it takes 1 billion years for a black hole to become a supermassive black hole, but how did it become a supermassive black hole in 300 million years? Either our big bang theory was wrong or Then our black hole discovery was wrong. Based on this, Dublin City University , Michigan State University and University of California did research together and it was found that the dark matter particles in the early universe first formed a donut type disk as soon as that disk evolved. That disk turned into a supermassive black hole in just 270 million years. Now this theory somehow supports the dark matter star theory.
The support was also due to the fact that the theory came with an evidence that if dark matter can form a supermassive black hole, why not a star? Katherine Freese created a mathematical model to prove the dark matter star. These dark matter stars contain dark matter as well as normal matter such as Helium and Hydrogen.
How Stars Form from Matter
The formation of a star made of normal matter begins with a cool dark hydrogen cloud, which we also call a nebula. So a thug of war is going on between gravity and pressure in the middle of this nebula. In which the gravity is pushing the gas molecule inwards and the pressure between the gas is pushing it outwards and at a point due to gravity the molecules are attracted towards the middle due to which the middle part becomes dense enough after which the gas molecules present there begin to heat up.
The meaning is clear, where the density is high, the pressure is high and the temperature is high, after which a protostar is born, then this star becomes hotter and denser in the next 500,000 million, due to which the temperature of its core is 15 million. becomes more than a trillion degrees. This temperature is so high that hydrogen molecules start fusing within helium molecules and then a star begins to form.
This is exactly what happens during dark matter star formation. But the only difference is that instead of the hydrogen’s own gravity, the gravity of the dark matter cloud attracts the hydrogen atoms, which is called dark matter capture. The one that initiates fusion creates so much energy that even though the star is made of dark matter, it appears ten billion times brighter than the sun.
JWST Amazing Discovery
What was explained or told to you was just theory. But its evidence was found in a 13.6 billion-year-old galaxy. In fact, last year, the James Webb Space Telescope discovered three such galaxies according to its advance deep galactic survey. These three galaxies were 13.6 to 13.4 billion years old.
That is, these three galaxies were formed only 200 million years after the creation of the universe. Now it was surprising that a galaxy takes a billion years to form. When Katherine Freese did research, it was found that the galaxies captured by the James Webb Space Telescope are not galaxies but dark matter stars. Because no scientist had captured a dark matter star before, Katherine Freese created a model of this dark matter star object.
Katherine created an atmosphere and structure. Katherine created spectrum data to determine what the light looked like and where it came from, and when combined with images taken by the James Webb Space Telescope, she noticed something strange. Because the James Webb Space Telescope sends an image of any object, it also sends its spectrum data, but in this case there were only images and no data.
So they passed these images through separate colors filter and collected spectrum data, converted it to RGB color and found their peek color. He then compared this data with the dark matter star and created a graph. He did the same with the other two pictures.
Now look, in this picture you can see black dot, this is the data of dark matter star.
Now you will clearly see that these two data are matching with each other. This proves that the images captured by the James Webb Space Telescope were of dark matter stars. So Katherine proved that dark matter stars exist in this universe.
